Will Companies Continue to Manufacture Things if No One Buys

If you've been thinking about starting an online store, you may have brainstormed some ideas of your own, like capitalizing on one of the many in-demand products already on the market. But likely, you still have questions.

How do I find a manufacturer or supplier for my product idea? Is it better to work withmanufacturers near me, or abroad? How do I know if a manufacturer is legitimate?

Many entrepreneurs find themselves hitting a brick wall when it comes time to actually source products. Whether you plan on manufacturing something of your own or finding suppliers to purchase from wholesale, good products aren't always easy to find.

In this post, we'll look at the basics of sourcing a supplier for your next project. We'll give you ideas for some places to search, and examine how you should approach suppliers and what to ask them when developing a product for your ecommerce business.

What is a manufacturer?

A manufacturer is any business that produces finished goods from raw materials. They sell these goods to consumers, wholesalers, distributors, retailers, and other manufacturers wanting to create more complex items.

Manufacturers typically stick to one type of product. For example, you could work with a glassware manufacturer who creates glass bottles and jars. You could work with one manufacturer for boxes and another for plastic or natural products.

Retailers often work with multiple manufacturers at once to create an inventory for their store.

Is a manufacturer a supplier?

Suppliers and manufacturers are pretty much synonyms. For the purpose of this post, when we refer to suppliers, we're referring to anyone who has the capability to provide you with products and inventory. This encompasses manufacturers, wholesalers, and distributors.

There are a ton of helpful resources online that you can find through Google. But before you begin, there are a few things you need to know and decide.

First, you should figure out what type of supplier you're looking for. This will help determine the terminology you need to use in your research. Check out our post on ecommerce business models to help you get started. There are several supplier options, the most common being:

A manufacturer who produces your own product idea
A supplier (who may also be a manufacturer), wholesaler, or distributor who purchases already-existing brands and products
A dropshipping company that supplies products and fulfills orders of already-existing brands and products

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Domestic vs. overseas suppliers

If you plan to manufacture or wholesale, when looking for suppliers you'll need to decide whether you want to source domestically or from overseas. Overseas can refer to any location abroad.

You might be asking, "are companies near me better to work with than companies overseas?" The answer is a bit complex.

It's a good idea to secure two manufacturers: one domestic and one overseas. Your local manufacturer can be used as a backup. So, if orders from overseas are late or incorrect, you can fall back on your local supplier. They are often more expensive, but it's better to keep products stocked and customers happy than having them wait for overseas shipments.

It's often cheaper to source your products overseas, especially in Asian countries, like China, India, and Taiwan because of lower labor costs. But there's a lot more to the decision than just the upfront investment and cost per unit.

Both domestic and overseas sourcing have their advantages and disadvantages:

Domestic sourcing

Advantages

High-quality manufacturing and labor standards
Easier communication with no language barrier
Marketing appeal of being made in North America
Easier to verify reputable manufacturers
Faster shipping time
High intellectual property right protection
Greater payment security and recourse

Disadvantages

Higher manufacturing costs
Less product choice (there are many items that just aren't made in North America anymore)

Overseas sourcing

Advantages

Lower manufacturing costs
High number of manufacturers to choose from
One-stop services like Alibaba have made it easy to navigate suppliers

Disadvantages

Lower perceived quality from customers
(Usually) lower manufacturing and labor standards
Little intellectual property protection
Language, communication, and time-zone barriers can be difficult to navigate
Difficult/costly to verify manufacturer and visit on-site
Longer shipping time
Cultural differences in business practices
Product importation and customs clearance
Less payment security and recourse

When working with overseas manufacturers and suppliers, it's a good idea to hire a manufacturing manager. These contractors are locals who live near your manufacturers and handle negotiations, orders, and managing your partners. They can also be the in between for your business and manufacturing companies. Think of them as the central hub for your overseas supply chain.

If there's an issue, the manager will work directly with the manufacturer to solve it. Managers also speak the local language, which helps improve communication and make production smooth for your business.

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How to manufacture a product

Finding a manufacturer for your product can be tricky but it's necessary to bring your products to life. Follow these six steps to find the best manufacturers and suppliers for your business.

Research
Outreach and collect information
Communicate your designs
Order samples
Negotiate
Place your order

Research

Finding the right manufacturer for your new product is crucial to your success. Manufacturers control your product's cost, quality, and packaging and shipping. Here's how you can find the perfect ones.

Alibaba

Alibaba connects you with manufacturers from China. It's a common marketplace to find existing products, but you can also use Alibaba to connect with manufacturers to create custom products. Simply search for the products you're looking for and browse through the various suppliers and manufacturers.

It's easy to safely buy from Alibaba. The marketplace lets you vet manufacturers upfront to get the best products at a fair price. When researching manufacturers on Alibaba, make sure they have the following qualifications:

Gold supplier, which means they pay for their Alibaba membership.
Verified, which means a third-party evaluation services company or Alibaba has visited their manufacturing facility.
Trade assurance, a free service that protects your orders from payment to delivery.

You can continue to search by applying filters. You can sort by certifications (such as SA8000, which ensures humane working conditions) to find a manufacturer that aligns with your business values.

Another thing to consider when sourcing from Alibaba: make sure your manufacturer is not a trading company. A trading company is a middleman and won't be able to produce your products.

Directories

Another place to research manufacturers is free online supplier directories. These directories act as manufacturer catalogs that contain profiles for hundreds or thousands of manufacturers, wholesalers, and suppliers. Below, we've listed a few of the most popular ones for both domestic and overseas suppliers:

Online domestic directories

ThomasNet
Maker's Row
MFG
Kompass
Council of Manufacturing Associations Member Organizations

Online overseas directories

AliExpress (See our ultimate guide on AliExpress)
Indiamart
Sourcify

Google

In recent years, we've become accustomed to being able to easily search Google and find what we're looking for in the first few search results. However, many suppliers haven't kept pace with the internet or Google's algorithm changes. Their websites are usually old, sparse on information, and have poor search engine optimization.

So how do you find suppliers on Google? For possibly the first time ever, you'll need to explore page two of Google search results and beyond. You'll also want to use a variety of search terms. For example, words like "wholesale," "wholesaler," and "distributor" may be used interchangeably, so you should search for all of them.

It may help to make yourself familiar with Google's search shortcuts to improve the quality of your searches and, thus, your results.

Referrals

Some of the best leads can come from referrals. Don't be afraid to ask connections in your professional networks if they have any recommendations or if they know someone who might. Look for individuals who've found success in an area you'd like to pursue and see if they're willing to share their contacts.

Social networks have made it much easier to get the word out, so make sure to use these channels. Join Facebook groups and other online communities of ecommerce business owners and see if anyone there has a glowing review.

As you do start to uncover suppliers, even if they aren't the right fit for you, be sure to ask them if they can point you in the right direction. Being in the industry means they'll likely have great contacts and would be happy to refer you to an option that might be a better fit.

NAICS codes

Another possible way to look for product suppliers is by searching for your products by their NAICS code.

NAICS is the North American Industry Classification System, and pretty much every single manufacturing industry and product you can think of is attached to a NAICS code. Sometimes manufacturers and suppliers list products by their NAICS code, which can make manufacturers and suppliers easier to find, especially if you're using professional directories.

The NAICS directory can be found at your local library or online. Here is the link for the United States' NAICS code and the link for Canada's NAICS code.

You'll also want to make sure you properly vet your potential manufacturer. Once you've narrowed it down to a few possibilities, dig deeper in your research to make sure they're credible.

Check the Better Business Bureau (BBB) to see if there have been any complaints filed, browse the manufacturer's Facebook page reviews, and use those Google search tricks to query the company name + reviews to see if any red flags come up.

Outreach and collection information

Once you've got a few manufacturers on your radar, you'll want to get quotes. Aim to get a minimum of three quotes to compare options.

Now, the biggest question you'll likely have for a supplier is "How much will this cost?" But before you hastily send quote requests, you'll want answers to the following questions:

Can they accommodate custom orders? Assess if the supplier or equipment manufacturer can create the product you want. Do they have the skills? The resources? Do they have automation features?
What are their leads times? How long will it take to produce and ship items? You don't want to work with manufacturers who take three months to deliver your products. If a product goes out of stock, you don't want to leave customers waiting months to receive their orders.
What are shipping costs? Shipping makes up a massive portion of small business expenses. Learn a manufacturer's shipping costs to determine how it'll affect your bottom line.
What are their minimum order quantities (MOQs)? Don't lead with this question. It'll make you look like a beginner and deter manufacturers from working with you. However, you'll want to know the minimum amount of items you have to order before they start producing your product. This is highly negotiable.
What is the cost per unit? While you're negotiating MOQs, you'll also want to negotiate cost per unit. The larger the order, the lower your cost per unit can be.
Can they grant you exclusivity? If there's tooling involved (i.e., you buying a tool for them to manufacture your product), make sure they aren't allowing others to use it. You can also ask for territorial, market, or total exclusivity. Some service providers may even offer private label goods.
Are there setup fees involved? Sometimes manufacturers will charge a fee to get equipment ready to produce your goods.
What's their defect policy? Find out who eats the cost for incorrect or defective items. Who pays for the shipping and duties?
Is the manufacturer sustainable and ethical? Find out about the factory conditions, and see how they impact the environment and the workers.

Negotiating minimum order quantities

If you're looking for a supplier for the first time, you're going to quickly learn about minimum order quantities (MOQs). It's not uncommon for a manufacturer to require a commitment to purchase hundreds or even thousands of units for your first order, depending on the product and manufacturer.

MOQs make it difficult when you have limited funds or want to start small and test the market before making larger purchases. The good thing is that MOQs are almost always negotiable.

Before you negotiate, understand why the supplier has imposed a minimum. Is it because there's a lot of work upfront? Or maybe it's because they prefer to work with larger buyers. Understanding the reasons behind the minimum will help you better understand their position and allow you to negotiate and propose the best counter offer.

Discussing payment terms

Many suppliers will require new businesses to pay for the full order upfront. This is important to know, since inventory is a major cost for ecommerce businesses. You may want to also ask if they provide payment terms on future orders.

Suppliers get bombarded with email quote requests all the time from flaky buyers who are just "kicking the tires," so it's not unusual for many suppliers not to reply to every request. A lack of supplier responsiveness is a common complaint from new ecommerce entrepreneurs.

So how do you ensure you don't get ignored? There are a few things you should avoid when you reach out to suppliers for the first time:

Long emails: Your first email to a manufacturer should be clear and concise. Avoid telling too much about your story and background. The first email should purely assess potential fit at a high level. Focus on what suppliers care about the most, like the details of what you're trying to source.
Asking for too much: Requests aren't always easy for the supplier to produce. It's important to ask about pricing for multiple quantities, but avoid asking for too much or too many quotes. Stick to what you absolutely need to know to assess fit between you and the supplier.
Asking for too little: If you ask for a quote well below the supplier's minimum order you risk being met with silence. If you're unsure whether your request is too small, consider giving them a quick call or send a one-question email prior to ask what their minimum order is.

A good manufacturing supplier will be open to negotiating payment terms. They won't ask for 100% upfront before shipping (and if they do, that's a huge red flag). You can work out a deal with them. Ask for 50% upfront, 50% after shipment is received. This holds both parties responsible for the order and doesn't leave too much risk on either side.

Communicating with manufacturers and suppliers

Chances are you won't use a manufacturing manager when starting your online business. You'll have to communicate with suppliers on your own. There are three main ways to do this:

Skype calls
Email
WeChat

Look for companies that are responsive and eager to work together. If someone is slow out the gate with your emails and samples, do you want to trust them with your business? Probably not.

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Communicate your designs

Once you talk with a potential manufacturer, ask if they can create your design. Some manufacturers have a product development process with prototyping and 3D modeling—but it can get expensive quickly.

As an alternative, communicate your ideas with them through:

Sketches
Instructions
Reference photos

If they don't do design, you can use Fiverr or Upwork to find freelancers to create drawings for you. Look to hire:

Indstrustial designers
Product designers
CAD experts

Another option is finding a local designer. You can work with them to develop prototypes and custom molds. It's more affordable than going through a manufacturer.

Order samples

Before placing a full order, get samples to test before going into productions. Once the sample is right, date and sign the sample. Save one or two for yourself. These are called your control samples and are any type of forensic sample used to assure quality and get consistent consumer products.

Designing a product for our studio is so much more than just coming up with the idea. It is designing and testing the hardware. It is creating prototypes and testing all of the various elements that make the fixtures come together.

For example, say a manufacturer sends you an order. You open the package and find the colors are completely wrong. You'll likely chat with your manufacturing partner to fix the mistake. If they have any doubts about the order, you can reference the control sample. This shows that the products you received are not what was previously agreed upon.

Negotiate

Between the time you get a sample and when you place your order, it's still possible to negotiate terms such as payment or MOQ. When negotiating, put yourself in the manufacturer's shoes. The goal isn't to exploit your manufacturing partner to get the best price. It's to work together so both parties profit and are happy. It's the only way to build a long-term, healthy relationship.

Place your order

Last up, place your order. Do a 100% quality control check first. Check every product they've sent you to make sure it meets your standards. And if you're happy with everything, send your order and get the production process started!

Finding your supply partners

Sourcing suppliers and manufacturers is a unique process but it's one of the costs of starting a business. Trying to locate suppliers that are a good fit is a critical decision for your new business, and they aren't always easy to find.

It's easy to get frustrated when you hit dead ends or brick walls, but in most cases, it just requires a little more patience and perseverance to find the perfect partner for your new venture.

Illustration by Pete Ryan

Manufacturers FAQ

What does manufacturing mean?

"Manufacturing" refers to turning raw materials into finished products through tools, labor, and machinery. It's an industrial process that allows for the mass production of goods using advanced technologies and assembly processes.

What are the types of manufacturing?

Types of manufacturing include:

3D printing
Repetitive manufacturing
Discrete manufacturing
Job shop manufacturing
Continuous process
Batch process

What is an example of manufacturing?

The clothing industry has many different manufacturing processes. For example, a clothing manufacturer's process could include fabrics receiving and relaxing, form layout, laying, marketing, cutting, screen printing, sewing, and quality check before creating a single garment.

How do I find a manufacturer?

You can find a manufacturer via the directories and suppliers listed above. Some of the most common places to find manufacturers include:

Alibaba
Free online directories
Google
Referrals
NAICS codes

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Source: https://www.shopify.com/blog/13975985-how-to-find-a-manufacturer-or-supplier-for-your-product-idea